I saw this post by Thomas Koening:

Reading literature on the Cray-I, one finds that their logic was
implemented in ECL using 5/4 NAND gates.

Wikipedia claims that these were, in fact, XOR gates, but the only
source to that claim is a link to a datasheet, without a source
stating that this chip was indeed used in the Cray-1, so I am
disinclined to believe that (and I may just remove it as being
unsourced, and in contradiction to published literature).

The pictures of circuit boards that I found that were big enough
to read the markings only had the flip-flops and the static ROMs
on them.

So, does anybody have an idea of what they actually used (and
maybe a source)?

But when I tried to reply to it, my newsreader crashed, and this
thread did not reload. (It got into Google Groups under the wire,
so this is where I found the text.)

I was going to reply - that his skepticism was quite right
about Wikipedia's claim that it was XOR gates. You can build
anything from enough NAND gates, including an XOR gate. But
XOR gates can't be used to make AND and OR, so they can't be
used as a starting building block.

John Savard

On Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:55:39 -0000 (UTC), Quadibloc wrote:

> I was going to reply - that his skepticism was quite right about
> Wikipedia's claim that it was XOR gates. You can build anything from
> enough NAND gates, including an XOR gate. But XOR gates can't be used to
> make AND and OR, so they can't be used as a starting building block.

Or in short: you can build symmetry out of asymmetry, you can’t build
asymmetry out of symmetry.

On 2/23/24 11:55 AM, Quadibloc wrote:

> I was going to reply - that his skepticism was quite right
> about Wikipedia's claim that it was XOR gates. You can build
> anything from enough NAND gates, including an XOR gate. But
> XOR gates can't be used to make AND and OR, so they can't be
> used as a starting building block.
>
You can also build anything from NOR gates. Since the NOR is faster than
NAND, I find it curious that NAND is used.

Unless that emitter follower output and pull down/termination resistor
on inputs is being used for wired-AND sorts of games. Probably as that
would save a bunch of gates.

I can't find anything resembling a schematic but I did find this:

https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/supercomputers/10/7/915

A page full of sum of products.

--
http://davesrocketworks.com
David Schultz

On Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:41:17 -0600, David Schultz wrote:

> You can also build anything from NOR gates. Since the NOR is faster than
> NAND, I find it curious that NAND is used.

Could the bias be coming just from the notation used? The fact that,
because of the adaptation of traditional mathematical operator precedences
to Boolean algebra, it is easier to write a sum of products than a product
of sums, even though the two formulations are exact duals?

Lawrence D'Oliveiro wrote:

> On Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:41:17 -0600, David Schultz wrote:

>> You can also build anything from NOR gates. Since the NOR is faster than
>> NAND, I find it curious that NAND is used.

First of all we must re-visit deMorgans logic law:: although there are several
the most useful one is: A NAND gate operating on true signals is a NOR gate
operating on complement signals.

In true signal logic (high = 1 low = 0)
A NAND followed by a NAND is a large fan-in AND.
A NAND followed by a NOR is a multiplexer.

In complement logic (high = 0 low = 1)
A NOR followed by NAND is a multiplexer
A NOR followed by a NOR is a large fan-in OR

So, unless you state the logic voltage (or current) levels we cannot tell
if a NOR is faster than a NAND. In CMOS NANDs are faster, in ECL NORs are
faster both under the higher voltage = 1 criterion.

> Could the bias be coming just from the notation used? The fact that,
> because of the adaptation of traditional mathematical operator precedences
> to Boolean algebra, it is easier to write a sum of products than a product
> of sums, even though the two formulations are exact duals?

Yes, it is called deMorgans Laws.

On Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:55:39 -0000 (UTC), Quadibloc
<quadibloc@servername.invalid> wrote:

>But when I tried to reply to it, my newsreader crashed, and this
>thread did not reload. (It got into Google Groups under the wire,
>so this is where I found the text.)

While the PAN newsreader eventually did load the message again,
I am quite annoyed that it seems to now frequently crash.

I had used it before, and it had been stable.

So I am returning to what I *know* works. Forte Free Agent 3.3.

John Savard

John Savard <quadibloc@servername.invalid> wrote:
> On Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:55:39 -0000 (UTC), Quadibloc
> <quadibloc@servername.invalid> wrote:
>
>> But when I tried to reply to it, my newsreader crashed, and this
>> thread did not reload. (It got into Google Groups under the wire,
>> so this is where I found the text.)
>
> While the PAN newsreader eventually did load the message again,
> I am quite annoyed that it seems to now frequently crash.
>
> I had used it before, and it had been stable.
>
> So I am returning to what I *know* works. Forte Free Agent 3.3.
>
> John Savard

Had the same problem with NewsTap after a decade of use, database got
corrupted.
Just unsubscribe to everything and resubscribe.