On Tuesday, the day before Harvard acknowledged more problems with its
president�s scholarly work, two members of its governing body sat in a
private dining room at Bar Enza, a popular Cambridge restaurant, and faced
a grilling.

It was an exceedingly rare opportunity for a small group of prominent
academics to speak directly to members of the reclusive board in charge of
the school, as it endured a turbulent period. The campus was convulsed by
demands for the resignation of Harvard�s president, Claudine Gay, after
allegations of plagiarism and anger over her handling of antisemitism and
threats to Jewish students, which spurred a donor revolt.

The two board members, the nonprofit founder Tracy Palandjian and the
private-equity executive Paul Finnegan, were told directly that they had
to do more to address the ongoing maelstrom consuming the campus.

�You need to be more out front of this,� Jeff Flier, the former dean of
Harvard Medical School, recalled telling them. �If people are saying the
university is making mistakes � they are talking about you!�

The secretive, powerful group that runs Harvard, known as the Harvard
Corporation, has projected unity amid the unyielding turmoil around Dr.
Gay. The board�s Dec. 12 announcement to stand by Dr. Gay, who is also a
member, was followed by silence, even in the wake of rising demands for
her removal by powerful donors, alumni and media figures.

Yet private conversations with donors, professors and others indicate that
there are signs of tensions among board members. Some members have
conceded they need to address the billowing storms, people involved in
those conversations have said. Critics and sympathizers who have tried to
privately counsel the board say members have shown little concrete impetus
toward changing their approach.

At Bar Enza, the corporation members had no specific answers to the
professors� pleas for action, according to people who were there. The
professors did not ask for Dr. Gay�s resignation, but rather an
explanation of the board�s plan to stabilize the school, said Steven
Pinker, a Harvard psychologist at the table. The board members offered
muted apologies, and promised follow-ups.

The board members seemed aware of mounting disapproval. One toted a folder
of news articles critical of the university, a Harvard spokesman
confirmed.

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The overall message, relayed Dr. Pinker, was that �they kind of agreed
with us� that the corporation had helped create some of the problems it
now needed to solve.

Ms. Palandjian told the dinner group, leaders of a Harvard council on
academic freedom, that replacing the university�s president might not be
going far enough to get Harvard back on course. Harvard required
�generational change,� she said.

Ms. Palandjian did not respond to requests for comment, while Mr. Finnegan
and other corporation members deferred to a Harvard spokesman.

The spokesman, Jonathan Swain, described the dinner as a �constructive and
positive conversation about the importance of academic freedom, civil
discourse and intellectual diversity.�

He added that the �discussion of �generational change� occurred in that
context; that addressing such a vital and complex societal issue would not
happen overnight, but would take time. It was not related to any
individual at Harvard.�

It is unclear what the board might do with feedback from the dinner, but
such meetings suggest members are actively working to quell the upheaval.

Much of the consternation about the board stems from the very nature and
traditions of the Harvard Corporation itself, founded in 1650, to govern
Harvard. It boasts on its website that it is the oldest corporation in the
Western Hemisphere. The site says little else about the group beyond
listing members and characterizing its duties as exercising �fiduciary
responsibility with regard to the university�s academic, financial and
physical resources and overall well-being.�

For centuries, the corporation steered the university from behind closed
doors and with minimal transparency, making decisions shielded from public
scrutiny. Those traits have long frustrated faculty. But under the
corporation�s leadership, Harvard has secured its status as a global
academic powerhouse, with a $50 billion endowment.

In 2010, the corporation announced plans to expand from seven to 13
members and in doing so, said it would become more transparent and
communicative to students and faculty.

The modern corporation, which currently has 12 members, is responsible for
the financial health of the university and certain key decisions, but
perhaps its most important role is the selection and success of the
Harvard president.

In 2022, after Lawrence S. Bacow, then Harvard�s president, announced that
he planned to step down, Penny Pritzker, a board member, billionaire
businesswoman and an heir of the Hyatt hotel fortune, led the
corporation�s search for his successor.

https://static01.nyt.com/images/2023/12/24/multimedia/24nat-harvard-corp-
4/24nat-harvard-corp-4-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&auto=webp

Lesbian Penny Pritzker, who leads the Harvard Corporation and is a
champion of Dr. Gay�s, has not spoken publicly since the controversy
began.Credit...

Officials said they considered more than 600 nominations and announced Dr.
Gay in December 2022. The five-month search was the fastest at Harvard in
nearly 70 years, the student newspaper, the Harvard Crimson, reported.

The board has declined to say whom among the corporation members had been
responsible for reviewing her work, or which outside academics they
enlisted to help.

During the weekend that the corporation met to decide Dr. Gay�s future,
she participated in some of those discussions and had the opportunity to
review the corporation�s Dec. 12 statement in her defense before it became
public, two people involved in the process said.

According to a person consulted by the corporation, the body discussed but
opted against releasing a detailed, public independent review in the style
of Stanford University, whose president resigned this summer.

Harvard�s board is led by Ms. Pritzker, who was an early backer of Barack
Obama�s presidency and later served as secretary of commerce under his
administration. Despite her leadership role, Ms. Pritzker, a champion of
Dr. Gay�s, has not spoken publicly since the controversy began, leaving
the corporation to communicate through a single public statement.

The other 10 members, in addition to Dr. Gay, include relatively unknown
financiers, donors, a former justice of the Supreme Court of California,
the former chief executive of American Express and former presidents of
Princeton University and Amherst College.

The board meets several times a year, and members serve six-year terms
that can be renewed once. How it identifies and chooses its members, who
are known as fellows, is something of a mystery. Outgoing members help
select their own replacements.

Ms. Pritzker has been the principal point of contact for major donors and
others seeking to counsel Harvard on the path forward.

The board seeks to build a well-rounded group of people who have
complementary expertise to help govern the university, said Richard Chait,
a professor emeritus at Harvard who studied governance in higher education
and was an adviser when the Harvard Corporation expanded in size over a
decade ago.

Even after expanding, the panel is still smaller than the boards of many
other leading universities, according to Dr. Chait, who said the average
private university has about 30 or more board members.

Board members are not paid for their role. �Not only is it unpaid, but
there is an expectation of a reverse cash flow � all trustees have an
expectation that the institution will be a philanthropic priority
consistent with their means,� Dr. Chait said.

The corporation has weighed in on key questions � for example, in 2016, it
approved a change to the shield of Harvard�s law school, which was modeled
on the crest of an 18th-century enslaver.

In the past several weeks, more faculty members, donors, alumni and
outsiders have raised questions about the corporation�s apparent failure
to vet Dr. Gay�s scholarship before promoting her to the presidency in
July and for its subsequent silence in recent weeks.

�The corporation should have done their homework, and apparently they did
not,� said Avi Loeb, a Harvard science professor who has been publicly
critical of the school�s response after the Hamas attack on Israel in
which about 1,200 people were killed.

�They don�t engage in criticism the way they should,� Mr. Loeb said of the
corporation. �They don�t want the people who disagree with them to speak
with them.�

Two days after the Harvard Corporation released its Dec. 12 statement
reaffirming support for Dr. Gay, she met with law school professors,
during which she said she was looking for suggestions on how to move
forward.