THE WORLD'S FIRST MANNED LH2 POWERED FUEL-CELL ELECTRIC AIRCRAFT!

The potential of LH2 powered flight is awesome, given this fact:

The gravimetric energy density of a fuel is the amount of energy that
can be released by a given mass of
fuel. It is typically measured in megajoules per kilogram (MJ/kg) 12.

Liquid hydrogen has a gravimetric energy density of 141.8 MJ/kg 3. In
comparison, gasoline has a
gravimetric energy density of 46 MJ/kg 13. Therefore, liquid hydrogen
has a 300%+ higher gravimetric
energy density than gasoline.

However, at this point in development, the efficiency of electrolysis
is ~70-80%, and the efficiency of fuel-cells is about ~60%.

What makes electric motive power of automobiles and aircraft viable
today is the dismal ~20% efficiency of internal-combustion engines
compared to electric motors ~98% efficiency.

https://www.h2-view.com/story/h2fly-completes-worlds-first-manned-liquid-hydrogen-flight-with-fuel-cell-aircraft/
“Fueled with green hydrogen produced by Air Liquide at its French
liquefaction facility, […]”

Green hydrogen is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water, using
renewable electricity such as photovoltaics (solar).

=====================================================================
https://www.h2-view.com/story/h2fly-completes-worlds-first-manned-liquid-hydrogen-flight-with-fuel-cell-aircraft/

H2FLY completes world’s ‘first’ manned liquid hydrogen flight with fuel
cell aircraft
By Charlie Currie
on Sep 07, 2023

Germany’s H2FLY has completed the world’s “first” manned liquid
hydrogen-powered flight of a fuel cell electric aircraft in a
demonstration in Maribor, Slovenia.

Fuelled with green hydrogen produced by Air Liquide at its French
liquefaction facility, the HY4 aircraft on Thursday (September 7) took
off from the Aerodrom Maribor, taking to the skies for around 10
minutes before successfully landing.

Having completed four liquid hydrogen-powered flights as part of the
initial test campaign, H2FLY says one flight lasted over three hours,
using just 10kg of hydrogen, of the 24kg available on board.

Following on from over 110 successful gaseous hydrogen-fuelled test
flights, the liquid system is estimated to have doubled the HY4’s range
from 750km to 1,500km, with the company confident that flights of up to
eight hours will be possible.

Compared to gaseous hydrogen, the energy carrier’s liquid form offers
higher energy density, allowing for more to be stored onboard the
aircraft.

“The achievement marks a watershed moment in the use of hydrogen to
power aircraft,” remarked Prof. Josef Kallo, co-founder and CEO of
H2FLY. “Together with our partners, we have demonstrated the viability
of liquid hydrogen to support medium and long-range emissions-free
flight.”

Air Liquide’s 24kg liquid hydrogen storage system

Equipped with an aluminium liquid hydrogen tank, supplied and
integrated by Air Liquide, the HY4 aircraft’s 120kW PEM fuel cells
evaporate the liquid hydrogen using their excess heat to allow them to
be powered.

Air Liquide Advanced Technologies’ Innovation Director, Pierre Crespi,
expressing pride to have been a part of the project, said, “Today’s
success demonstrates the full potential of liquid hydrogen for
aviation. Liquid hydrogen can be stored onboard and transported.”

Although the HY4 aircraft will not enter commercial operations, H2FLY
is confident the liquid hydrogen powertrain system developed as part of
the innovative aircraft will pave the way for commercial hydrogen-
powered flight.

In June (2023), the Stuttgart-based company announced a new programme
to develop a next generation fuel cell system to produce megawatt-class
powertrains to power 40-seater aircraft.

Read more:H2FLY announces new fuel cell programme to take hydrogen-
powered flight higher

The HY4 has been developed as part of the EU-backed Project HEAVEN, led
by H2FLY, with participation from Air Liquide, Pipistrel Vertical
Solutions, the DLR German Aerospace Centet, and EKPO Fuel Cell
Technologies and Fundación.

Dr. Syed Asif Ansar, Head of the Department Energy System Integration
at DLR, said the flight represented an achievement in aviation history.

“This progressive journey culminates in a significant present
achievement in aviation history: the utilisation of cryogenic liquefied
hydrogen as fuel storage for a four-seater aircraft powered by fuel
cells,” he said.

Additionally, the HY4 has received funding from the German Federal
Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK), the German
Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport (BMVD) and the University of
Ulm.

H2 View was on the ground in Maribor as the HY4 took to the skies. Keep
an eye on our news pages for a deep dive into the demonstration.
=====================================================================

https://www.electrive.com/2023/09/08/h2fly-announces-first-successful-test-flight-with-liquid-h2/

Sep 8, 2023 - 02:17 pm
H2FLY announces first successful test flight with liquid H2
BMDVBMWKELECTRIC AIRCRAFTFCEVFUEL CELLGERMANYH2FLYHEAVENHY4SUBSIDIESUNI
ULM

In cooperation with partners, H2FLY has announced the completion of
what it claims is the world’s first flight of a manned electric
aircraft powered by liquid hydrogen. The test flights are intended to
indicate that the maximum range of the demonstration aircraft can be
doubled from 750 to 1,500 kilometres.

H2FLY is known to be a Stuttgart-based company specialising in the
development of hydrogen fuel cell systems for aircraft. Together with
partners from the ‘HEAVEN’ project, the company now reports its first
flights with liquid, cryogenic hydrogen (LH2) as fuel. This is “another
important step on the way from demonstration flights operating at lower
altitudes to commercial aircraft applications”, the Stuttgart-based
company emphasises.

The demonstration aircraft HY4, which has been taking off regularly for
test purposes with pressurised tanks since 2020, was used in the test
flight campaign. Among other things, the HY4 has already completed a
124-kilometre non-stop flight with gaseous hydrogen from its home
airport in Stuttgart to Friedrichshafen for the AERO. Now that the test
carrier has been fitted with an LH2 tank system (H2FLY already informed
about progress in the integration of liquid hydrogen tanks in the
summer of 2022), the tension has increased once again. In total, the
HY4, which had been converted in this way, completed four flights
powered by liquid hydrogen – including one flight that lasted over
three hours.

The testers found that “the hydrogen-electric ‘HY4’ demonstrator
aircraft took off from Maribor, Slovenia, and saw safe and efficient
operation throughout multiple flight tests,” as H2FLY wrote. From the
test flights, the Stuttgart-based company deduces that by using liquid
hydrogen instead of gaseous hydrogen, the maximum range of the
demonstration aircraft can be doubled from 750 to 1,500 kilometres.

The background to the LH2 initiative is that the use of liquid,
cryogenic hydrogen enables significantly lower tank weights and volumes
compared to the storage of gaseous hydrogen under high pressure (GH2),
which results in an increased range and payload of the aircraft. The
results now achieved with the HY4 represent, in the view of the
initiators, a decisive step on the way to emission-free, commercial
medium- and long-haul flights.

“This achievement marks a watershed moment in the use of hydrogen to
power aircraft. Together with our partners, we have demonstrated the
viability of liquid hydrogen to support medium and long-range
emissions-free flight,” affirms Josef Kallo, co-founder of H2FLY. “We
are now looking ahead to scaling up our technology for regional
aircraft and other applications, beginning the critical mission of
decarbonizing commercial aviation.”

The successful test flight campaign is the culmination of the above-
mentioned HEAVEN project – a consortium supported by the European
government that aims to demonstrate the use of liquid cryogenic
hydrogen in aircraft. The consortium is led by H2FLY and includes
partners Air Liquide, Pipistrel Vertical Solutions, the German
Aerospace Centre, EKPO Fuel Cell Technologies and Fundación Ayesa.

Syed Asif Ansar, Head of the Energy Systems Integration Department at
the German Aerospace Center (DLR), adds: “DLR boasts extensive
expertise in electrified aircraft, with a track record spanning over 15
years. Starting from the inaugural flight of the Antares DLR-H2 in
2009, consistent advancements have been made in fuel cells and their
auxiliary systems. This progressive journey culminates in a significant
present achievement in aviation history: the utilization of cryogenic
liquified hydrogen as fuel storage for a four-seater aircraft powered
by fuel cells. Collaborating with H2FLY, AirLiquide and other project
members, DLR is actively engaged in projects aimed at propelling the
development of CS-23 and CS-25 fuel-cell powered aircraft into the next
phase.”

In addition to the HEAVEN project, the work was funded by the Federal
Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection (BMWK), the Federal
Ministry of Digital Affairs and Transport (BMVD) and the University of
Ulm.

With the completion of the test flight campaign in the HEAVEN project,
H2FLY says it now wants to focus on the path to commercialisation. In
June, the company also announced in this context the development of its
new H2F-175 fuel cell systems, which can be used at flight altitudes of
up to 27,000 feet. In addition, H2FLY is currently establishing a
centre for H2 aviation together with Stuttgart Airport. The opening is
planned for 2024.

h2fly.de
================================================================

https://www.avweb.com/aviation-news/pipistrel-flies-liquid-hydrogen-demonstrator/

Textron subsidiary Pipistrel Aircraft flew the first piloted liquid
hydrogen-powered electric aircraft last Friday. The HEAVEN project HY4
demonstrator took off from Maribor, Slovenia, with two pilots onboard
and “demonstrated safe and efficient operation throughout multiple
flight tests,” the company said. The hydrogen is used by a fuel cell
that creates electricity for the electric motor. Pipistrel claims the
use of liquid hydrogen instead of compressed hydrogen gas doubles the
range of the aircraft to about 800 nautical miles.

Pipistrel Chief Engineer Tine Tomaži? said the flight is a milestone in
making emissions-free flight practical. “At Pipistrel, our aim is to be
the pioneer of future flight and playing a role on the liquid hydrogen
tank integration, we, along with all the other partners involved, are
able to demonstrate the success of alternative sustainable fuels, ready
to power the aircraft of tomorrow.”
================================================================

https://heaven-fch-project.eu/heaven-newsletter-06/

HEAVEN Cryogenic Hydrogen Tech Aircraft
ABOUT HEAVEN
COMPONENTS
CONSORTIUM
NEWS & EVENTS
DOWNLOADS & LINKS


Search …
HEAVEN NEWSLETTER 06
Jan 9, 2023

Partners’ progress concerning the Heaven project (July 2021 – September
2022)
AIR LIQUIDE
During the last year, Air Liquide (ALAT) has been manufacturing the LH2
tank and its control command box which can be filled with 16 kg of LH2.
After the debugging and tuning phase, ALAT performed tests on this
hardware with LH2, in particular safety chains, alarms, fuelling and
defueling operations. These were validated for performances in normal
cases, extremes cases and failure cases. These tests were held with
partners’ attendees from H2Fly and PVS.

Team of the Heaven project with the cryogenic tank during LH2
acceptance tests on ALAT's tests facilities
Team of the Heaven project with the cryogenic tank during LH2
acceptance tests on ALAT’s tests facilities

After functional tests, a qualification test on a vibration test bench
was successfully performed, verifying the LH2 tank can withstand
mechanical loads of being used on board of H2FLY’s HY4 aircraft. ALAT
also successfully tested a Ground Refueling Equipment’s ability to fill
the tank with LH2 coming from a LH2 trailer.

The next step will be the ground tests on aircraft at Air Liquide
Campus Technology Grenoble with H2FLY and PVS in the beginning of 2023.

DLR
After concluding the shortstack tests, necessary to develop an
operation strategy for the NM5-Type EKPO PEM-Stack at only slightly
elevated pressure levels (up to about 1.150 mbar), first system tests
for operating the shortstack at higher pressures have been conducted.
To be able to perform tests with cathode outlet pressures of up to 2,5
bar another recirculation pump was installed and some smaller
modifications to the system became necessary.

With these modifications first tests could be conducted. The graph on
the next page shows a preliminary test, showing operation at up to
2.300 hPa Cathode Pressure, archiving max. power output of 3,6 kW.

Stackcurrent, Cathodepressures and Stackpower during pressurized
performance test
Stackcurrent, Cathodepressures and Stackpower during pressurized
performance test

H2FLY
Going forward, H2FLY will be leading the HEAVEN project and overseeing
all activities related to the integration and testing of the liquid
hydrogen tank into the HY4. As such, H2FLY supplies the complete fuel
cell and drivetrain system, along with the integration platform HY4 and
the overall aircraft system architecture and controls. Being the owner
of the HY4 aircraft and HEAVEN development lead, H2FLY holds a critical
coordinative role, ensuring each of the system parts are properly
adapted and can harmoniously function. As an example, the picture below
shows the integrated liquid hydrogen tank of ALAT in the HY4 platform.

H2FLY’s responsibilities in the HEAVEN project cover the entire
aircraft development process. H2FLY holds the leading role in defining
and providing requirements to the HEAVEN consortium, regarding the
design and adaption of aircraft parts and components. H2FLY further
carried out critical work packages on the architectural level to meet
the requirements of a liquid hydrogen system integration, such as a
modification of the fuel cell system design and system architecture.
Also, the buffer tank architecture has been designed and the components
for coupling the buffer tank with the LH2 tank have been specified and
procured as planned. Other essential and safety-relevant parts on board
of the aircraft, for which H2FLY covered the design and development,
were the adaption of the heating system of the liquid hydrogen, the
provision of the complete telemetry system, and other critical parts of
the hydrogen evacuation system.

As a critical element in all aircraft developments, H2FLY facilitates
the safe integration of the liquid hydrogen tank into the HY4 and
ensures safety throughout the anticipated flight test campaign. To this
end, H2FLY has been performing extensive safety analyses regarding HY4
as well as flight operations, including constant alignment of safety
requirements with the HEAVEN consortium. In preparation for the
anticipated flight test campaign, coupling tests are scheduled in early
2023. H2FLYdelivered a start-up procedure for the drivetrain system and
will provide necessary drivetrain modifications throughout the
campaigns. Moreover, H2Fly delivered a test plan to ensure safe
coupling-, ground-, and flight tests, and continues to update the plan
in accordance with the HEAVEN consortium. Lastly, H2FLY will provide
continued support to PVS in all activities related to the test flight
campaign, as the company’s team has gathered crucial know-how in
previous flight-testing campaigns of the hydrogen-powered HY4, and
recently achieved a strong growth of its flight team.

Integration work is expected to be completed over the coming months.
Following the integration of the new liquid hydrogen tank and fuel
cells, the aircraft is planned to enter a rigorous programme of ground
testing early in 2023 and is expected to be the world’s first
commercial aircraft to fly using liquid hydrogen. In conclusion, all
works of H2FLY in the HEAVEN project support the company’s leading
vision of enabling emission-free, hydrogen-powered aviation and
revolutionize air travel and will be further utilized in the company’s
ongoing activity to scale the technology to regional turboprop level
and CS-25 safety requirements.

ALAT's tank being mechanically integrated collaboratively by PVS and
H2FLY into HY4 aircraft
ALAT’s tank being mechanically integrated collaboratively by PVS and
H2FLY into HY4 aircraft

PIPISTREL VERTICAL SOLUTIONS
Pipistrel Vertical Solution’s (PVS) team, with the support of H2FLY, is
leading the activities related to the mechanical integration of the
tank components into the aircraft. This involved the design and
execution of substantial modifications to parts of the left fuselage to
house the tank whilst retaining the necessary structural integrity and
at the same time providing the necessary space for all related
subsystems, cabling and piping. The effort culminated in the first
successful fitting trial of the actual liquid hydrogen tank into the
aircraft at the Pipistrel facility in Ajdovš?ina, Slovenia.

Furthermore, common preparations for the flight test campaign have
started, together with H2FLY as the aircraft owner, on both the
administrative and organisational front. Communications with the
Slovenian Civil Aviation Authority have started to obtain the necessary
permit to perform flight tests, according to the requirements defined
by H2FLY, on the modified aircraft. At the same time, the team is
working towards identifying and dealing with all challenges related to
operating with liquid hydrogen as aviation fuel together with the test
airport personnel. This will include training all involved personnel,
including rescue personnel, for dealing with liquid hydrogen.

Lastly, the preliminary design team has been bringing forward the
activities related to the up-scaling of the technology for use in
commercially relevant aircraft platforms, focussing on the development
of modelling tools for the sizing and performance estimation of
powerplant components that are crucial for the design of liquid
hydrogen-powered aircraft.

In the next two months PVS, together with colleagues from H2FLY and
ALAT, will be finalising the mechanical integration of the LH2 tank in
light of the anticipated ground tests.

FUNDACION AYESA
FUNDACION AYESA (FAY), as part of System integration and
demonstration’s Total Cost of Ownership, has been working on the
development of the platform to collect data in terms of economic
information from each of the partners. This platform was released on
April 7th. This one is only available for each of the Heaven partners
through the corresponding user and password. Each of the partners only
can visualize its own costs to maintain the confidentiality of its
information.

This platform will be used to have an overview of the total cost of the
system at different levels. FAY will analyse the provided costs to
study the total cost of the ownership of the overall system.

Interview with Aleksander Gerbec, director of ECUBES Technology
“ENABLING THE FLOW OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE TRANSNATIONAL TERRITORY”
Aleksander Gerbec is the director of ECUBES TECHNOLOGY, which is a
clean energy technology firm developing new technologies and solutions
enabling sector coupling and energy storage. By project development the
company is supporting primarily proprietary technology integration by
focusing on clean energy infrastructure and cross-sectoral power
infrastructure integration. Their work also includes project
development on resilience, civil and defence sectors by cross-sectoral
infrastructure integration projects and services based on hydrogen
technologies.

Q: What is the North Adriatic Hydrogen Valley?

A: The North Adriatic hydrogen valley (NAHV) is a project that clusters
several industrial and research initiatives to carry out pilot projects
across the complete hydrogen value chain (production, transport,
distribution, and end use with storage and sector coupling). Present
project consists of 34 consortia members with 19 investment projects
and covers the aera show in the picture below. NAHV is unique compared
to other Hydrogen valleys from the following prospects:

It is the first transnational hydrogen valley,
It is the first hydrogen Valley that is industry-driven, initiated as
bottom-up approach, where industry from three territories has proposed
projects and on November 24th, 2021 endorsement to support was given
from three governments,
It has already received some investments from private companies before
any public funding was available.

Q: What is the purpose of a hydrogen valley?

A: Hydrogen valleys are an important step towards locally integrated
hydrogen ecosystems. They not only provide larger availability of
sustainable energy but are also major drivers of industrial development
and job creation. Although there are hurdles to overcome, the concept
is spreading globally, spurred on by changing mindsets and growing
private investment. Project North Adriatic hydrogen valley is the first
step towards hydrogen ecosystem of North Adriatic and we believe that a
fully integrated hydrogen ecosystem will be developed

Q: What are the advantages of transnational hydrogen valleys, compared
to national hydrogen valleys?

A: Transnational hydrogen valleys are the marketplace for participants,
who want to actively participate in the energy transition in the
transnational territory. There they can develop their own projects and
collaborate to establish an entire hydrogen value chain, which enables
the flow of renewable energy in the transnational territory. Strong
deployment of flexibility solutions is required to provide the power
system with the ability to adapt to the dynamics of the residual load
on all timescales: from frequency response to inter-year flexibility.
This represents a huge challenge in energy transition and North
Adriatic hydrogen valley is addressing solutions in this direction as
well.

Q: How can companies in the aeronautical industry contribute to the
establishment and development of hydrogen valleys?

A: All participants from the transport sector need to collaborate in
order to achieve the most significant transition in the industry’s
history – decarbonisation. The companies in the aeronautical industry
could contribute by providing their user requirements for liquid
hydrogen from infrastructure developers, governments, by promoting
their use of hydrogen, by promoting the idea that clean air transport
is already possible by use of clean hydrogen etc. Aeronautical
companies can contribute also by becoming active participants in the
market creation stage already, together with other front-runners.

Q: How can aeronautical companies benefit from being part of a hydrogen
valley?

A: If aeronautical companies actively participate in the development of
hydrogen ecosystems, then there is a higher probability that other
developers, who are trying to develop hydrogen ecosystems, can succeed
sooner, thus the entire region will benefit from the synergies and the
end result. Companies can also guide infrastructure developers with
their user requirements, helping to align project design accordingly
and to get the required LH2 when they want it and to get it under
affordable conditions. If they are active participants, they can get
access to affordable liquid hydrogen much sooner than everyone else.
Those who will be the first are expected to keep their position of
frontrunners for a while, so everybody who sees interest in use of
clean hydrogen should be actively involved in this regional approach.
So – time for action is now – go ahead and require your supply of
liquid hydrogen.

Relevant upcoming events about hydrogen, fuel cells and aviation
IQPC MEA Conference Seattle (15 – 17 November 2022):
More Electric Aircraft USA will bring together relevant stakeholders to
ensure maximum knowledge transfer and professional exchange. During
this full three-days-program with lectures and interactive workshops
you will meet international experts from OEMs, suppliers, associations,
and academia to discuss, hear and learn about their experiences and
challenges in the fields of More Electric & Hybrid Aircraft.
Link: https://www.iqpc.com/events-more-electric-aircraft-seattle

Hydrogen Mobility Snap Summit (29 November 2022):
Our Mobility Snap Summit 2022 provides the forum for discussion and
debate on the current climate within the mobility sector of the
hydrogen community.
Link:
https://www.h2-viewevents.com/conference/h2-views-hydrogen-mobility-snap-summit-2022/attend/

12th Aviation Forum Munich (05 – 06 December 2022):
Under the patronage of Airbus CPO Jürgen Westermeier, more than 800
decision-makers and experts from the aviation industry will meet at the
Aviation Forum Munich. The group of participants consists of OEMs,
manufacturers and suppliers at all tier levels, political decision-
makers and thought leaders from Germany, Europe and worldwide.
Link: https://www.aviation-forum.com/

Hannover Messe (17 – 21 April 2023):
HANNOVER MESSE is the most important international platform and hot
spot for industrial transformation – with excellent innovations or
unusual products. Here you will find all the facts that make one thing
even clearer: participation is an absolute “must”!
Link: https://www.hannovermesse.de/en/

Aero Friedrichshafen 2023 (19 – 22 April 2023, Friedrichshafen,
Germany):
Discover what direction developments in the General Aviation industry
are going at the AERO Friedrichshafen. With more than 600 exhibitors
from 35 countries, 33,000 visitors and 600 journalists from all over
the world, the AERO Friedrichshafen is the international community’s
annual meeting place. At Lake Constance, numerous companies will be
displaying their latest products and innovations, covering the whole
industry from ultralights and gliders to business jets, helicopters and
electric aircraft as well as avionics and maintenance.
Link: https://www.aero-expo.de/

Hydrogen Online Workshop 2023 (9-10 May 2023):
The Hydrogen Online Workshop (HOW) is a unique interactive event that
provides a global platform for discussing the most important issues of
the hydrogen industry. 150+ world-class experts in Keynotes and
Workshops, interactive virtual Exhibition, 10000+ Hydrogen Pioneers,
110+ countries. The World’s Largest Interactive Hydrogen Event.
Link: https://www.hydrogen-online-workshop.com/

World Hydrogen Summit 2023 (9-11 May 2023):
The Sustainable Energy Council with partners the Port of Rotterdam, the
City of Rotterdam and the Province of Zuid-Holland are delighted to
renew their commitment to enhance the event as the official global
springboard for hydrogen deals and project developments where real
action is displayed to inspire and motivate the rest of the world.
Welcoming 8000 decision makers, Energy Ministers, and CEOs from over
100 countries, it’s a truly global gathering of minds where key
priorities are set, bold announcements are made, and new partnerships
are forged.
Link: https://www.world-hydrogen-summit.com/

Hydrogen Expo Italy (17-19 May 2023):
First Italian exhibition & conference entirely dedicated to the
technological sector for the development of the hydrogen supply chain.
The decarbonisation policy aimed at reducing global pollution sees
hydrogen as a sustainable energy source since it can be generated using
renewable energy and, therefore, it can be transported, stored and used
as a gas; Italy can be an extremely interesting market for the
development of hydrogen, thanks to the widespread presence of renewable
energy sources and a capillary network for the transport of gas.
Link: https://hydrogen-expo.it/en/

Paris Airshow (SIAE) (19 – 25 June 2023):
The 54th edition of the Show will take place at the Le Bourget Parc des
Expositions in June 2023, and once again will bring together all the
players in this global industry around the latest technological
innovations. The first four days of the Show will be reserved for trade
visitors, followed by three days open to the general public.
Link: https://www.siae.fr/en/

Dr. Maria Sol Rau (Coordinator)
Email: media_heaven@outlook.com
H2FLY GmbH, Augsburger Straße 293, 70327 Stuttgart, Germany

This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2
Joint Undertaking (now Clean Hydrogen Partnership) under Grant
Agreement No 826247. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme,
Hydrogen Europe and Hydrogen Europe Research.

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